Avoiding manipulation requires an understanding of, a desire for, and acceptance of fact, free from any personal bias, preference or allegiance.
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What is time? If it is eternal, then nothing is predestined, if it is cyclical, then, how much of what we do, have we done before, and does this make our existence any less meaningful?
Ultimate, or absolute truths are those that remain true regardless of time and space. No matter what the situation that can be imagined, an ultimate truth remains valid. These truths tend to be logical in nature, such as, there are no round squares, and there are no square circles.
Empirical truths are based on evidence, such as, the gravitational pull of the moon has an impact on the level of tides in the ocean.
Moral truths are subjective truths based upon personal; biases, prejudices, experiences and beliefs. Moral truths vary widely depending on philosophical and religious beliefs, culture, demographics, ethnicity, and lifestyle. To refer to them as Truths at all is misleading, as they are little more than strongly held opinions.
The Pragmatic Theory of Truth espoused by 19th century Psychologist / Philosopher William James is a helpful way of detining "Truth" for the vast majority of circumstances that every day life consists of. For a belief to be considered justifiable, William James had three criteria:
There must be actual evidence supporting the validity of the idea
The idea must be able to withstand criticism
The idea must continue to help predict future outcomes.
If any of these three criteria are not met then the idea is false. Stephen West does an excellent job of explaining William James theory of Truth on Episode 84 of Philosophize This
Our goal with the "All We Need To Know" project is to help people understand the importance and value of demanding unbiased and objective truth in the process of making enlightened decisions for themselves. So, please remember, whenever you hear something that is of importance to you, please check to see if there are actual verifiable facts that support the idea, that the idea can defend itself without relying on false arguments and will the idea continue to be reliable in the future!
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